新朋友点上面医视频, Student:Whatdoheartdiseasesinvolve?
学生:心脏病包括哪些疾病?
Professor:Heartdiseasesinvolvecongenitalheartdisease,coronaryheartdisease,myocardialinfarctionandsoon.
教授:心脏病包括先天性心脏病、冠心病、心肌梗死等。
Student:Itissaidcongenitalheartdiseaseisoftendividedintotwotypes,isntit?
学生:据说先天性心脏病通常分为两种,是吗?
Professor:Yes.Thosewithcyanosisandthosewithoutcyanosis.
教授:是的。分为发绀型和非发绀型。
Student:Whatarethesymptomsofthecyanoticandthenon-cyanotic?
学生:发绀型和非发绀型有什么症状呢?
Professor:ThecyanoticincludestetralogyofFallot,transpositionofthegreatvessels,tricuspidatresia,etc.
教授:发绀型有法洛四联症、大动脉异位、三尖瓣闭锁等症状。
Professor:Thenon-cyanoticcoversatrialseptaldefect,patentductusarteriosus,aorticstenosis,pulmonicstenosis,etc.
教授:非发绀型有心房隔膜缺损、动脉导管未闭、动脉狭窄、肺动脉狭窄等症状。
Student:Isitlikelythathereditaryfactorsplayaroleincongenitalheartdisease?
学生:遗传因素有可能对先天心脏病起一定的作用吗?
Professor:Itishardtosay.Butexpertsbelievethatsomeprescriptionandoverthecounterdrugsandalcoholduringpregnancyincreasetheriskofheartdefects.
教授:很难说。但是专家们认为怀孕期间一些处方和非处方药以及酒精都会增加患心脏病的危险。
Student:Whatcausescoronaryheartdisease(CHD)?
学生:冠心病是由什么引起的?
Professor:Itiscausedbyathickeningoftheinsidewallsofthecoronaryarteries.Highbloodcholesterol,highbloodpressureandsmokingalsocontributetoCHD.
教授:冠心病是由冠状动脉内壁增厚所引起的。胆固醇高,高血压和吸烟也会导致冠心病。
Student:ItisbelievedthatchestpainorshortnessofbreathmaybetheearliestsignsofCHD,isntit?
学生:有人认为胸痛和气短是冠心病的早期征兆,是吗?
Professor:Yes,Apersonmayfeelheaviness,tightness,pain,burning,pressure,orsqueezingusuallybehindthebreastbone.
教授:是的。患者可能会感到胸骨后出现沉重感、紧缩感、疼痛、烧灼感和压迫感。
Student:Whatkindoflifestylechangescanhelpapersonwithheartdisease?
学生:什么样的生活方式改变对心脏病患者有好处?
Professor:Changingonesdiettokeeplowinfatandcalorieswillhelpreducehighbloodcholesterols.
教授:改变饮食习惯,减少脂肪和热量的摄入,将有助于降低血胆固醇。
Student:Anythingelse?
学生:还有呢?
Professor:Quittingsmokingdramaticallylowerstheriskofaheartattack,andmoderateamountsofphysicalactivitywillbenefit.
教授:戒烟能在很大程度上降低心脏病发作的概率。适当的运动也是有益的。
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